Profit And Loss

General Rule : If a person gets 'a' for item X and 'b' for item Y. He got 'c' items of X and 'd' items of Y. His final result a*c + b*d.

Remember : loss means -(minus).

E.g :  A merchant on selling rice earns a profit of Rs 10 per bag of basmati rice sold and a loss of Rs 5 per bag of non-basmati rice. He sells 3000 bags of basmati rice and 5000 bags of non-basmati rice in a month. What is his profit or loss in a month?

Sol: Item X = basmati rice
       Item Y = non-basmati rice
       a = 10
       b = -5 (- because loss)
       c = 3000
       d = 5000
       final result (profit or loss) = a*c + b*d
                                                 = 10 * 3000 + (-5) * 5000
                                                 = 30000 - 25000
                                                 = 5000 (profit)

E.g : A vendor on selling fruits earns a profit of Rs 15 per kg of apples sold and a loss of Rs 10 per kg of oranges. He sells 30 kgs of apples and 50 kgs of oranges in a day. What is his profit or loss in a day?

Sol: Item X = apples
       Item Y = oranges
       a =15
       b = -10 (- because loss)
       c = 30
       d = 50
       final result (profit or loss) = a*c + b*d
                                                 = 15 * 30 + (-10) * 50
                                                 = 450 - 500
                                                 = -50 (loss)

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